KPV

KPV is the tripeptide Lys-Pro-Val, corresponding to residues 11–13 at the C-terminus of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH). The fragment retains much of the anti-inflammatory activity attributed to the parent hormone while lacking its pigmentary effects.

Research Background

KPV has been investigated in experimental colitis models, where it reduced inflammatory markers. Its small size allows uptake into intestinal epithelial and immune cells through the di/tripeptide transporter PepT1, and intracellular inhibition of NF-κB and MAPK inflammatory signalling has been described. Whether its actions depend on melanocortin receptors remains an active research question.

Areas of Investigation

• NF-κB signalling and cytokine release in epithelial and immune cells
• PepT1-mediated peptide transport
• Experimental models of intestinal and dermal inflammation
• Melanocortin fragment pharmacology

Analytical Profile

Purity by reverse-phase HPLC; identity confirmed by ESI-MS. Supplied as a lyophilized peptide.